Showing posts with label South Africa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label South Africa. Show all posts

Tuesday, March 19, 2024

The economic environment and change.


Written by Lynelle Clark

On 14 March 2024, under the supervision of Daily Maverick’s MC, Rebecca Davis, senior journalist, leaders came together for a robust dialogue.

Rebecca Davis had her work cut out for her, which she did with sophisticated flair.

Even from an online point of view, one noticed the level of professionalism the conference held. In partnership with Ninety One, Pick a Pay ASAP, The Friedrich Naumann Foundation and Henley Business School, it was an enormous success.

The Gathering Twenty Twenty-Four conference had six panels which touched on fundamental questions in our society. But I will focus on what the economists had to say about South Africa’s current economic environment.

With the elections around the corner, we are holding our breath for the outcome. The 2024 election is a turning point, and as important as that of the 1994 election.

South Africans are ready for change.

We pray for change.

Desire change.

But the question is, are we ready for change?

The right mindset to change is the key.

But the question that carries the most weight is, do we have skilled leadership?

The narrative of the panel was: “How do you give an economist the jitters? Tell them an election is coming. Low levels of short-term confidence and certainty represent a risk to prospective investors. What’s the possible long-term gain of a “change”? And what (realistic) political scenario is most conducive to the business environment?”

We are not unfamiliar with the term A vote of No-Confidence. In the political sphere, it is a common characteristic on provincial and national level. Economic uncertainty and the continuous breakdown of systems and dissolvents of institutions have marked our economy in a terrible light.

Investors are pulling out; skilled people are leaving, and our education system fails the next generation. South Africa cannot afford another four years of this trend. Change must happen. Unless we do not face the facts, it will continue on a downward spiral. And who will pay the price? You and me.

Dr Iraj Abedian, founder and CEO of Pan-African Capital Holdings, “Economy does not operate in a vacuum. It requires at least two complementary solid foundations. One is the regulatory environment within which different businesses have to operate. And, it requires another important complementary pillar, a political system that is accum to the needs of the economy.”

In layperson’s terms; we need governing stability to grow. As Dr Abedian stated, the money is there, but we, as South Africans, must show the international investors that we are credible. That we believe in ourselves and act as a democratic country.

During the discussion, it was stressed that unemployment is a human resource problem. The human resource training is no longer effective and is stuck in old ways of thinking. It needs to change. We are short of skills. Whether it is an electrician, an engineer, a doctor, or a bricklayer, we need up-to-date skills.

Skills must translate to the ability of the application.

Dr Abedian said, “The age of certification are gone.” We must question the titles; if it does not translate to the ability to lead, then we must strip the title bearer. If they cannot do the job or are not honourable, they must be removed.

Capability is a must.

Accountability is a must.

Without it, we will not survive.

Old leadership must be replaced with new thinking. “We need a 45-year-old president.” Said Mark Barnes, former CEO, SA Post Office. “Africa is the undiscovered opportunity.”

We must think individual first.

Another problem we have is unskilled labourers. The unskilled labourer cannot be ignored. They need to work. They have to eat. They must pay rent. By giving them an opportunity, we help them to get ahead.

Skills are important, but for the unskilled worker, even if it is the first job at a factory, it is their chance at schooling. Schooling is necessary to change their situation for the better. Stated Ann Bernstein, founder and executive director of the Centre for Development and Enterprise (CDE).

What can the average person do for change? Vote. Vote for a difference. Do not vote for the same party. Especially if they haven’t produced.

The current government has impoverished this country. In 1994, they wanted to change the lives of every black citizen, but that didn’t happen. Currently, we have the highest unemployment rate in the world. 

We can only bring change when we stand together.

The political environment that will be conducive for the economic environment is: There is no shortage of money, there is no shortage of investors. There is no shortage of opportunities. The funds are waiting but we need credibility of the election process and the attraction of economic resources. The government must understand how the economy function. Because of lack of knowledge, they don’t know what is going on in the current market. We need a government that understands the markets. We are not attractive enough. Ignorance is bliss, is no longer an excuse. The second thing is infrastructure upgrading. Our infrastructure needs radical change. Our roads, railways, aviation, ports, bridges—everything needs an upgrade.

A new attitude towards the private sector and how they work is needed. Only when we stand together is change possible.

South Africa needs a government that has everyone on their mind and not only their party members. When the elect is in the Office of the President, he/she cannot think party but people first.

We have to understand each other to co-inside within a new cultural environment. We need commercial vividity. If we do not set aside our own way of thinking and think community, individual first, all the talk will not be enough to bring change.

South Africa is waiting for us.

Are we up for the challenge to change? 

Copyright Lynelle Clark 2024

Tuesday, March 12, 2024

Artificial Rainmaking and the future of South Africa.


Compiled by Lynelle Clark.

Cloud seeding, the practice of injecting certain materials into storm cells to enhance precipitation, has drawn interest from a growing number of water-strapped countries.

Also known as artificial rainmaking.

Key points about cloud seeding:

1. Purpose: Cloud seeding aims to increase the amount of precipitation in a specific area by enhancing cloud processes.

2. Methods: Dry ice or silver iodide aerosols are dispersed into the clouds. These particles act as nuclei around which water droplets can condense, leading to the formation of raindrops.

3. Debates and Research: The effectiveness of cloud seeding has been a topic of academic debate. Scientists and statisticians have conducted studies to evaluate its impact on precipitation. Recent research focuses on statistical evidence for the enhancement of precipitation through cloud seeding.

4. Evaluation Challenges: Evaluating cloud seeding involves addressing systematic errors and uncertainties. Researchers consider factors such as statistical tests, target indicators, covariates, and the design of cloud seeding experiments.

5. Global Application: Cloud seeding has been actively carried out worldwide due to the uneven distribution of natural precipitation.

In an article written by Adela Suliman, EMEA Editorial Assistant, she wrote: “To cope with searing global temperatures, protracted droughts and chronic water shortages, countries from the United States to China are turning to "cloud seeding", which aims to boost rainfall in dry areas. Still, the technology can't do much but to tease rain from a cloud-free sky, experts warn."

"In extreme heat or drought conditions, there are no clouds. Nobody can make clouds," said Roelof Bruintjes, a senior scientist who works on weather modification for the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research.

Such artificial rainmaking is akin to giving clouds vitamins, or farmers applying fertilisers to boost their crop yields, he explained.

In "A Review of Cloud Seeding Experiments," Roelof Bruintjies look into the complex world of weather modification through cloud seeding. The comprehensive analysis covers the history, methods, and outcomes of various cloud seeding projects around the globe. Bruintjies examines the scientific principles behind inducing precipitation, including the use of silver iodide and sodium chloride as seeding agents. He addresses the environmental and ethical considerations of such interventions, highlighting both successes and challenges faced by researchers in this field. Through meticulous evaluation of data, Bruintjies presents a nuanced perspective on the effectiveness and potential of cloud seeding as a tool for weather management.

View full report here.

Challenges South Africa face:

Unless there is a significant action by 2030, there will be a projected 17% shortage in water supply, according to Cloud9 Special Mission.

The deficit, as stated by the Department of Water and Sanitation’s (DWS) Master Plan, may even be under-reported.

The Master Plan's ‘call to action’ begins with a frank admission that the house is in serious trouble. It will take a substantial effort to deal with the multiple fires.

While the country does not currently face a national water crisis, there are significant challenges that must be addressed to ensure sustainable water management and availability.

Key points related to water security in South Africa:

1. Water Loss and Revenue Generation:

· Approximately 41% of municipal water does not generate any revenue, and an additional 35% is lost through leakage. These losses contribute to the financial strain on water utilities.

· Efficient water management and infrastructure maintenance are essential to reduce losses and improve revenue collection.

2. Investment Gap:

· The Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) estimates that an annual investment of R33 billion over the next decade is necessary to achieve water security and prevent a 17% deficit.

· However, the current budget for DWS stands at R15.5 billion, creating a significant financial shortfall.

3. National Treasury Constraints:

· Unfortunately, the National Treasury has no immediate plans to increase the budget beyond inflation.

· This limitation poses a challenge in meeting the required investment for water security.

4. Sustainable Solutions:

    • To address this situation, South Africa needs a comprehensive approach that includes:
    • Infrastructure Upgrades: Repairing and upgrading aging water infrastructure to reduce losses.
    • Efficient Water Use: Encouraging responsible water use by individuals, industries, and agriculture.
    • Innovative Funding Models: Exploring public-private partnerships and alternative funding sources.
    • Climate Resilience: Preparing for climate change impacts on water availability.
    • Integrated Planning: Coordinated efforts across government departments, municipalities, and stakeholders.

Achieving water security commands, a combined effort from all sectors, adequate funding, and sustainable management practices. It's crucial to prioritize water as a valuable resource for the well-being of all South Africans.

How cloud seeding works.

“The Dynamic seeding concept is to seed super cooled clouds with large enough quantities of ice nuclei to cause glaciation of the cloud. Due to seeding, super cooled liquid water is converted into ice particles, releasing latent heat, increasing buoyancy, and thereby invigorating cloud updrafts. In favourable conditions, this will cause the cloud to grow larger, process more water vapour, and yield more precipitation.” Roelof Bruintjes, senior scientist, U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research.

Cloud seeding employs substances like silver iodide and potassium iodide to expedite cloud formation, accelerating the precipitation process. This innovation is beneficial for farmers who rely on rainwater for irrigation. By inducing rainfall, cloud seeding can alleviate drought conditions, making arid regions more habitable and bolstering agricultural output, which supports the economy.

Therefore, the need for cloud seeding development is vital for the future of South Africa and needs to receive urgent attention from all sectors involved.

Any enterprise is built by wise planning, becomes strong through common sense, and profits wonderfully by keeping abreast of the facts. Proverbs 24:3-4

Sources:

(1) Advances in the Evaluation of Cloud Seeding: Statistical Evidence for .... 

(2) CloudSeeding - ResearchGate

(3) Advances in the Evaluation of Cloud Seeding: Statistical Evidence for the Enhancement of Precipitation. 

(4) World Economic Forum

(5) Environmental challenges to operationalisation of South African rainfall enhancement report. 

(6) Water security in South Africa - Development Bank of Southern Africa. 

(7) National State of Water Report 2021 - DWS. 

(8) National water security | South African Government. 

(9) Water 2023:South Africa’s looming crisis. 

 

ISAIAH 66:19–24 — The Global Glory and Eternal Endurance

“I will set a sign among them, and I will send some of those who survive to the nations… They will proclaim My glory among the nations.” — ...